Stork bite birthmarks, also known as stork bites, angel kisses, or salmon patches, are pinkish or reddish patches on the baby’s skin. While babies may have different types of birthmarks, including moles and port-wine stains, stork bite birthmarks are collections of blood on the skin from tiny blood vessels called capillaries. Most babies have stork bite birthmarks on their eyelids, between the eyes, or on the back of their neck above the hairline. They are common and seen in approximately one-third of newborns at birth. Read on to learn about the causes, treatment, and prevention of stork bite birthmarks and how to differentiate them from other birthmarks.
What Is A Stork Bite?
A stork bite, also known as a salmon patch, is a reddish or pinkish birthmark in newborns. It may occur on the eyelids, nose, upper lip, neck, and forehead. The term ‘stork bite’ is usually used when the birthmark occurs on the nape (back of the neck). A stork bite is called angel’s kiss when it occurs on the forehead (1). The medical terms for stork bite are nevus simplex and nevus flammeus nuchae (2). The name ‘stork bite’ is derived from the myth that the mark on the back of the neck appears because it is where the stork may have picked up the baby. The birthmark appears in around 30% of babies (3). Stork bites are not life-threatening and do not cause harm. The marks may fade away by the age of two, but stork bites on the nape tend to be permanent (4) (5).
What Causes A Stork Bite?
Stork bites are a type of vascular birthmark, which occur due to anomalies in the blood vessels (6). A stork bite may occur when a cluster of blood vessels (capillaries) underneath the skin remains dilated (stretched) (7). These birthmarks tend to darken when the baby cries or when the temperature rises. Stork bites may fade away when pressed. The birthmark is cosmetic and does not require any specific medical diagnosis. A doctor will usually identify stork bites at birth through visual inspection alone.
Signs Of Stork Bite
A stork bite is not painful and does not cause any symptoms for the baby. The following are the signs of stork bite that parents may notice (2) (3).
Red or pink flat patch on the skin Present at birth or may appear in the first few months after birth Present on the forehead, back of the neck, eyelids, nose, upper lip, or other parts of the body Tends to become darker when the baby cries, feels warm, or when straining Could fade or disappear when pressed Does not grow large and does not disappear and reappear
How Is A Stork Bite Different From Other Birthmarks?
There are several types of birthmarks. Below are the common ones and their differences (2).
Strawberry birthmark: It is also a type of vascular birthmark. These are also known as strawberry hemangiomas and are bright or dark red in color. They differ from stork bites due to their swollen appearance. The bumpy characteristic of the birthmark makes it resemble a strawberry, hence the name strawberry mark. Unlike a stork bite, a strawberry birthmark tends to grow larger, especially in the first six to 12 months of the baby’s life. They also stay for longer and may fade away between the ages of seven and nine years.
Port-wine stain birthmark: It is another type of vascular birthmark, which occurs due to dilated blood capillaries. Port-wine stains are different from stork bites since they usually do not disappear and may get darker and thicker with time. A port-wine stain will not fade or disappear when pressed. It may often occur on the face and neck. Port-wine stains affect less than 1% of newborns and, in rare instances, could be associated with some underlying problem.
Moles, café-au-lait, and Mongolian spots: These are called pigmented birthmarks since they occur due to the aggregation of melanocytes or skin pigment cells. Pigmented birthmarks are brownish, bluish, or grayish in appearance compared to the reddish or pinkish appearance of stork bites. Moles tend to stay for longer while Mongolian spots fade away as the baby grows older. Café-au-lait spots may or may not fade away.
Are There Any Natural Treatments For Stork Bite?
According to Harvard Medical School, stork bites do not require treatment (1). These birthmarks do not cause any long-term discomfort or problems for the baby. Parents may consider methods to eliminate or lighten stork bites for cosmetic reasons. The following are some natural treatments that may lighten stork bites and gradually eliminate them. There is no scientific evidence to back these treatments. Therefore, speak to a pediatrician before trying any of these methods.
Medical Treatment Of Stork Bites
Stork bites do not require treatment since they usually fade away by the baby’s second or third birthday. Parents may consider treatment for cosmetic reasons if the stork bite persists beyond the age of three years (7). Laser treatment is the recommended medical treatment for capillary malformations or anomalies, such as stork bites in babies (8). A pediatric dermatologist would use a laser to shrink the size of the dilated blood vessels and lighten the appearance of the stork bite. The laser treatment is painless and effective but may require multiple visits for the desired results.
How To Prevent Stork Bites?
There is no way to prevent birthmarks, including stork bites (1). If you spot stork bites on your baby, speak to a doctor who can examine it to determine if it is a birthmark and not a skin disorder. You should also inform the doctor if your baby’s birthmark bleeds, itches, or is painful.
